AIMS

Many engineering disciplines make use of numerical solutions to computational problems. In this subject students will be introduced to the key elements of programming in a high level language, and will then use that skill to explore methods for solving numerical problems in a range of discipline areas.

INDICATIVE CONTENT

• Algorithmic problem solving
• Fundamental data types: numbers and characters
• Approximation and errors in numerical computation
• Fundamental program structures: sequencing, selection, repetition, functions
• Simple data storage structures, variables, arrays, and structures
• Roots of equations and of linear algebraic equations
• Curve fitting and splines
• Interpolation and extrapolation
• Numerical differentiation and integration.

INDICATIVE CONTENT

Foundations of Electrical Networks develops an understanding of fundamental modelling techniques for the analysis of systems that involve electrical phenomena. This includes networks models of “flow-drop” one-port elements in steady state (DC and AC), electrical power systems, simple RC and RL transient analysis, and networks involving ideal and non-ideal operational amplifiers.

It forms the foundation of many engineering subjects exploring fundamental concepts in electrical and electronic engineering.

The subject will cover key electrical engineering topics in the areas of:
Electrical phenomena – charge, current, electrical potential, conservation of energy and charge, the generation, storage, transport and dissipation of electrical power.
Network models – networks of “flow-drop” one-port elements, Kirchoff’s laws, standard current-voltage models for one-ports (independent sources, resistors, capacitors, inductors, transducers, diodes), analysis of static networks, properties of linear time-invariant (LTI) one-ports and impedance functions, diodes, transformers, steady-state (DC and AC) analysis of LTI networks via mesh and node techniques, equivalent circuits, and transient analysis of simple circuits;
Electrical power systems – overview of power generation and transmission, analysis of single-phase and balanced three-phase AC power systems.

Analysis and design of networks involving ideal and non-ideal operational amplifiers.

This material will be complemented by exposure to software tools for the simulation of electrical and electronic systems and the opportunity to develop basic electrical engineering laboratory skills using a prototyping breadboard, digital multimeter, function generator, DC power supply, and oscilloscope.

AIMS

This subject develops a fundamental understanding of concepts used in the analysis, design and building of digital systems. Such systems form the information and communication technologies (ICT) that underpin modern society. This subject provides a foundation for subsequent subjects, including ELEN30013 Electronic System Implementation, ELEN90066 Embedded System Design and ELEN90061 Communication Networks.

INDICATIVE CONTENT

Topics include:

Digital systems - quantifying and encoding information, digital data processing, design process abstractions;

Combinational logic – timing contracts, acyclic networks, switching algebra, logic synthesis;

Sequential logic – cyclic networks and finite-state machines, metastability, microcode;

These topics will be complemented by exposure to the hardware description language such as Verilog and the use of engineering design automation tools and configurable logic devices (e.g. FPGAs) in the laboratory.

AIMS

This subject develops a fundamental understanding of linear time-invariant network models for the analysis and design of electrical and electronic systems. Such models arise in the study of systems ranging from large-scale power grids to tiny radio frequency signal amplifiers. This subject is one of four subjects that define the Electrical Systems Major in the Bachelor of Science and it is a core requirement for the Master of Engineering (Electrical). It provides a foundation for various subsequent subjects, including ELEN30013 Electronic System Implementation, ELEN90066 Embedded System Design, and ELEN30012 Signal and Systems.

INDICATIVE CONTENT

Topics include:

• Transient and frequency domain analysis of linear time-invariant (LTI) models – linearity, time-invariance, impulse response and convolution, oscillations and damping, the Laplace transform and transfer functions, frequency response and bode plots, lumped versus distributed parameter transfer functions, poles, zeros, and resonance, stability of circuits, modelling and simulation with simulation tools;
• Electrical network models – one-port elements, impedance functions, two-port elements, dependent sources, matrix representations of two-ports, driving point impedances and network functions, ladder and lattice networks, passive versus active networks, multi-stage modelling and design, and multi-port generalisations;
• Analysis and design of networks involving ideal and non-ideal operational amplifiers with emphasis on the design of active filters and broadband circuits with specific frequency characteristics;
• Circuits and networks for managing voltage and power requirements for common electronic circuits.

These topics will be complemented by tutorials and workshops designed to develop skills in design and modelling of electronic circuits through software tools and building, testing, and verificaiton of electronic circuits.

AIM

This subject develops the theoretical and practical tools required to understand, construct, validate and apply models of standard electrical and electronic devices. In particular, students will study the theoretical and practical development of models for devices such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, transformers, motors, batteries, diodes, transistors, and transmission lines. In doing so, students will gain exposure to a variety of fundamental fields in physics, including electromagnetism, semiconductor materials and quantum electronics. This material will be complemented by exposure to experiment design and measurement techniques in the laboratory, the application of models from device manufacturers, and the use of electronic circuit simulation software.

INDICATIVE CONTENT

Topics include:

Vector calculus for device modelling, Maxwell’s equations, physics of conductors and insulators, passive device models (including for resistors, capacitors and inductors), lumped and distributed circuit models for wired interconnections (including treatment of signal integrity and termination strategies), semiconductors and quantum electronics, static and dynamic models for p-n junctions diodes and bipolar junction transistors.

AIMS

The aim of this subject is twofold: firstly, to develop an understanding of the fundamental tools and concepts used in the analysis of signals and the analysis and design of linear time-invariant systems path in continuous–time and discrete-time; secondly, to develop an understanding of their application in a broad range of areas, including electrical networks, telecommunications, signal-processing and automatic control.

The subject formally introduces the fundamental mathematical techniques that underpin the analysis and design of electrical networks, telecommunication systems, signal-processing systems and automatic control systems. Such systems lie at the heart of the electrical engineering technologies that underpin modern society. This subject is one of four that define the Electrical System Major in the Bachelor of Science and it is a core requirement in the Master of Engineering (Electrical). It provides the foundation for various subsequent subjects, including ELEN90057 Communication Systems, ELEN90058 Signal Processing and ELEN90055 Control Systems.

INDICATIVE CONTENT

Topics include:

Signals – continuously and discretely indexed signals, important signal types, frequency-domain analysis (Fourier, Laplace and Z transforms), nonlinear transformations and harmonics, sampling;

Systems – viewing differential / difference equations as systems that process signals, the notions of input, output and internal signals, block diagrams (series, parallel and feedback connections), properties of input-output models (causality, delay, stability, gain, shift-invariance, linearity), transient and steady state behaviour;

Linear time-invariant systems – continuous and discrete impulse response; convolution operation, transfer functions and frequency response, time-domain interpretation of stable and unstable poles and zeros, state-space models (construction from high-order ODEs, canonical forms, state transformations and stability), and the discretisation of models for systems of continuously indexed signals.

This material is complemented by exposure to the use of MATLAB for computation and simulation and examples from diverse areas including electrical engineering, biology, population dynamics and economics.

AIMS

This subject provides the foundation knowledge required to understand the operation, assembly and testing of various simple electronic systems that interact with the real world. The aim is to expose students to designing with a range of standard electrical and electronic devices, basic circuit construction methods and electrical measurement techniques to test and verify the function of electronic systems. This subject provides students with hands-on skills to gain basic competencies in design and implementation of simple circuits and those wishing to seek further electronic design experience are recommended to take subjects such as ELEN90062 High Speed Electronics, ELEN90053 Electronic System Design and ELEN90066 Embedded System Design. This subject is one of four subjects that define the Electrical Systems Major in the Bachelor of Science and it is a core requirement for the Master of Engineering (Electrical) and the Master of Engineering (Electrical with Business).

This includes hands-on experience with:

• Operation and selection of a range of most common electrical and electronic devices used in various electronic circuits;
• Common electronic circuit realisations to meet the most commonly required signal processing and conditioning applications;
• Programmable digital circuits and microprocessor programming;
• Circuit design and simulation tools;
• Printed circuit board layout, circuit assembly, and soldering techniques;
• Test and Measurement equipment and methods;
• Managing design issues and requirements.

Students will complete electronic circuit implementation projects in small groups and be required to prepare technical documentation and present project outcomes.

INDICATIVE CONTENT

• Devices such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, switches, transducers, motors, diodes, transistors, op-amps, voltage regulators, comparators, oscillators, timers, A/D and D/A converters, microprocessors and controllers;
• Circuit functions and techniques such as buffering, referencing, signal conditioning, filtering, bridges, detection, waveform generation, and pulse-width modulation;
• Microprocessor programming, the role of assembly and high-level languages, assemblers, compilers and debuggers;
• PCB layout, circuit assembly, and soldering techniques;
• Test and Measurement methods and working with common equipment such as multimeters and oscilloscopes.

This subject introduces important mathematical methods required in engineering such as manipulating vector differential operators, computing multiple integrals and using integral theorems. A range of ordinary and partial differential equations are solved by a variety of methods and their solution behaviour is interpreted. The subject also introduces sequences and series including the concepts of convergence and divergence.

Topics include: Vector calculus, including Gauss’ and Stokes’ Theorems; sequences and series; Fourier series, Laplace transforms; systems of homogeneous ordinary differential equations, including phase plane and linearization for nonlinear systems; second order partial differential equations and separation of variables.

AIMS

This subject provides an introduction to probability theory, random variables, random vectors, decision tests, and stochastic processes. Uncertainty is inevitable in real engineering systems, and the laws of probability offer a powerful way to evaluate uncertainty, to predict and to make decisions according to well-defined, quantitative principles. The material covered is important in fields such as communications, data networks, signal processing and electronics. This subject is a core requirement in the Master of Engineering (Electrical, Mechanical and Mechatronics).

INDICATIVE CONTENT

Topics include:

• Foundations – combinatorial analysis, axioms of probability, independence, conditional probability, Bayes’ rule;
• Random variables (rv’s)– definition; cumulative distribution, probability mass and probability density functions; expectation and variance; functions of an rv; important distributions and their properties and uses;
• Multiple random variables – joint cumulative distribution, probability mass and probability density functions; independent rv’s; correlation and covariance; conditional distributions and expectation; functions of several rv’s; jointly Gaussian rv’s; random vectors;
• Sums, inequalities and limit theorems – sums of rv’s, moment generating function; Markov and Chebychev inequalities; weak and strong laws of large numbers; the Central Limit Theorem;
• Decision testing - maximum likelihood, maximum a posterior, minimum cost and Neyman-Pearson rules; basic minimum mean-square error estimation;
• Stochastic processes – mean and autocorrelation functions, strict and wide-sense stationarity; ergodicity; important processes and their properties and uses;
• Introduction to Markov chains.

This material is complemented by exposure to examples from electrical engineering and software tools (e.g. MATLAB) for computation and simulations.

AIMS

This subject provides an introduction to automatic control systems, with an emphasis on classical techniques for the analysis and design of feedback interconnections. The main challenge in automatic control is to achieve desired performance in the presence of uncertainty about the system dynamics and the operating environment. Feedback control is one way to deal with modelling uncertainty in the design of engineering systems. This subject is a core requirement in the Master of Engineering (Electrical, Electrical with Business, Mechanical, Mechanical with Business and Mechatronics).

INDICATIVE CONTENT

Topics include:

* Modelling for control, linearization, relationships between time and frequency domain models of linear time-invariant dynamical systems, and the structure, stability, performance, and robustness of feedback interconnections;

* Frequency-domain analysis and design, Nyquist and Bode plots, gain and phase margins, loop-shaping with proportional, integral, lead, and lag compensators, loop delays, and fundamental limitations in design; and

* Actuator constraints and anti-windup compensation.

This material is complemented by the use of software tools (e.g. MATLAB/Simulink) for computation and simulation, and exposure to control system hardware in the laboratory.

AIMS

This subject provides an in-depth coverage of transistor (MOSFET and BJT) devices and their use in common circuits. In particular, students will study topics including: transistor operating modes and switching; principles of CMOS circuits; transistor biasing; current-source/emitter-amplifiers; low-frequency response; followers; class B amplifiers; current limiting; current sources and mirrors; differential pairs; feedback in amplifiers and stability; operational amplifiers; operational amplifier circuits; and voltage regulation. This material will be complemented by exposure to circuit simulation software tools and the opportunity to further develop circuit construction/test skills in the laboratory.

INDICATIVE CONTENT

Design-focused field-effect and bipolar elementary transistor models, and design of elementary amplifier stages and biasing circuits. Static and dynamic behaviour of amplifier circuits including frequency response, feedback and stability, slew-rate and clipping. Operational amplifiers and opamp based circuits; voltage regulators, references and voltage converters. Verification of electronic circuits using simulation.

AIMS

This subject provides an introduction to the analysis and design of telecommunication signals and systems, in the presence of uncertainty. The emphasis is on understanding the basic concepts that underpin the physical layer of modern communication systems.

INDICATIVE CONTENT

Topics to be covered include:

• Introduction to communication systems including historical developments and comparisons between analogue and digital communications.
• Review of assumed knowledge from linear algebra, signals and systems and probability and random processes.
• The sampling theorem, analog-to-digital conversion, complex baseband representation of passband signals, filtering of random processes, power spectral density, bandwidth of random signals, additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN), signal-to-noise ratio.
• Communication over baseband AWGN channels including modulation techniques (pulse amplitude modulation, orthogonal modulation), signal space representation, optimal detectors, matched filters, error probability calculations and bandwidth / power trade-off.
• Communication over passband AWGN channels including modulation techniques (phase shift keying, quadrature amplitude modulation and frequency shift keying), optimal coherent detectors, noncoherent detectors and error probability calculations.
• Communication over linear time-invariant channels including concepts of distortion, inter-symbol interference, pulse shaping, Nyquist’s criterion, equalization, sequence detection and the Viterbi algorithm.
• Synchronization including carrier, symbol and frame synchronization.

AIMS

This subject provides an introduction to the fundamental theory of time domain and frequency domain representation of discrete time signals and linear time invariant dynamical systems, and how this theory is used to analyse and design digital signal processing systems and algorithms. Topics include:

• Applications of signal processing techniques;
• Sampling of analog signals, anti-aliasing filters;
• Frequency-domain analysis of signals and systems, Discrete Time Fourier Transform, Discrete Fourier Transform, Fast Fourier Transform;
• Digital filters, low-pass, high-pass, band-pass, stop-band and all pass filters. Phase and group delay, FIR and IIR filters;
• Design of digital FIR and IIR filters;
• Multi-rate signal processing, with a focus on up-sampling, down-sampling, and sampling rate conversion;
• Simple non-parametric methods for spectral estimation.

This fundamental material will be complemented by exposure to MATLAB tools for signal analysis and a DSP (Digital Signal Processor) based development platform for the implementation of signal processing algorithms in the laboratory.

INDICATIVE CONTENT

Sampling of continuous time signals, Design of anti-aliasing filters, Time and frequency representation of discrete time signals and discrete time linear time invariant systems, Discrete Time Fourier Transform and z-transform and their properties, Low order lowpass, highpass, bandpass, bandstop filters, All-pass filter, Design of IIR filters using the bilinear transformation, Design of FIR filters with linear phase using windowing techniques and the Parks McClelland method, Discrete Time Fourier transform and its properties, Fast Fourier Transform, The use of the DFT in implementation of linear filtering algorithms, Up-sampling and down-sampling, multistage and computationally efficient implementations of up-samplers and down-samplers, Energy and power spectra for deterministic signals.

AIMS

This subject provides a practical introduction to the basics of modelling, analysis, and design of microprocessor-based embedded systems. Students will learn how to integrate computation with physical processes to meet a desired specification within the context of a design project. The project work will expose students to the various stages in an engineering project (design, implementation, testing and documentation) and a range of embedded system concepts.

INDICATIVE CONTENT

Topics covered may include: digital computer and microprocessor architectures, modelling of dynamic behaviours, control, models of computation, operating systems concepts, multi-tasking, resource management and real-time behaviours, interfacing with the physical world, analysis and verification, safety, reliability, and security and privacy.

This material will be complemented by exposure to standard software tools including compilers and debuggers, finite state machine design and analysis software, and simulation tools. The subject will include a level of industry engagement, to provide broader examples of engineering projects, through guest lectures.

This subject has been integrated with the Skills Towards Employment Program (STEP) and contains activities that can assist in the completion of the Engineering Practice Hurdle (EPH).

AIMS

The aim of this subject is to understand the fundamental concepts and basic theory involved in modelling and analysis of the various components that comprise power systems. Power systems involve the generation, conversion, transmission and distribution of electricity via the use of specific devices, such as transformers, generators and motors. It is expected that at the end of this subject the student will have developed a sound understanding of the functionality and characteristics in terms of physical concepts and mathematical models of each of the covered components and relate them to the real life operation of power systems, such as a country’s power grid or smaller power systems that connect to the grid.

INDICATIVE CONTENT

The topics covered in this subject include: review of the basic theory of single-phase as well as three-phase circuits; calculations of power (real, reactive and complex); power transfer between buses (nodes), generators to loads; derivation of conditions for maximum power transfer; static stability limits; an introduction to protection and fault analysis; models for transmission and distribution power lines (overhead and cables); models for loads; basic models for power transformers, DC machines, the synchronous generator and the induction motor.

Critical Communication for Engineers (CCE) addresses the skills vital for professional success. Problem analysis skills and being able to present solutions effectively to your engineering peers, leaders and the broader community are a powerful combination. These are the focus of CCE.

They are challenging skills to learn—and you will likely work to improve them throughout your career. Effective communication is not merely about how to write a report or to give a formal presentation. Developing a strong argument—having something insightful to communicate—is essential for capturing the attention of an audience. This requires developing good interpersonal skills for gathering information and testing ideas.

The subject is divided into four ‘topics’ presented in sequence through the semester. Each topic is self-contained and dedicated to a different engineering issue. There is an assessment for each topic, meaning that you will be able to apply what you have learned from one topic to the following topics. This way, you will have a lot of opportunities to practise and develop your analytical and communication skills.

The aim of this subject is to give participants both practical experience in, and theoretical insights into, elements of engineering innovation.

The subject is intense, challenging, experiential and requires significant self-direction. Participants will work on an innovation project sponsored by a local organisation.

A key theme is that the individual cannot be separated from the technical processes of engineering innovation. The impact of both individual and team contributions to the engineering and innovation processes will be examined in the context of real world challenges.

Creating Innovative Engineering (CIE) and its companion subject, Creating Innovative Professionals ENGR90039 (CIP), are delivered by the University's Innovation Practice Program. To learn more about the Program, including the range of organizations that have participated as sponsors, examples of past projects and to hear students talk about their experiences in taking CIE/CIP, please go to the Innovation Practice Program’s website.

All project sponsors will require that students maintain the confidentiality of their proprietary information. Some project sponsors will require students to assign any Intellectual Property created (other than Copyright in their Assessment Materials) to the University. The projects may vary in the hours needed for a successful outcome.

This subject aims to give participants theoretical frameworks, practical insights, and preliminary skills to work in their chosen profession in contexts where determining what problem to work on is an important complement to knowing how to solve that problem.

Participants will develop these understandings, insights and skills by working in teams on a strategically-important innovation challenge sponsored by an industry organisation. This subject is similar to Creating Innovative Engineering (ENGR90034), but is designed for students seeking a multi-disciplinary learning experience.

Participants will learn theories of human-centred innovation and apply them in their project. They will learn how to work in teams and use those skills to deliver the project. They will learn to conceptualise their career as an innovation project, and how to apply the innovation skills and theories presented in the subject to their own careers.

The subject is challenging, experiential and requires significant self-direction.

Creating Innovative Professionals (CIP) and its companion subject, Creating Innovative Engineering ENGR90034 (CIE), are delivered by the University's Innovation Practice Program. To learn more about the Program, including the range of organizations that have participated as sponsors, examples of past projects and to hear students talk about their experiences in taking CIE/CIP, please go to the Innovation Practice Program’s website.

All project sponsors will require students to maintain the confidentiality of their proprietary information. The University will require all students (except those working on projects sponsored by the University itself) to assign any Intellectual Property they create (other than Copyright in their Assessment Materials) to the sponsor of their project.

The subject involves undertaking a substantial group project (typically in groups of three students) requiring an independent investigation on an approved topic in advanced engineering design and / or research. Each project is carried out under the supervision of a member of academic staff and where appropriate an industry partner.

The emphasis of the project can be associated with either:

• A well-defined project description, often based on a task required by an external, industrial client. Students will be tutored in the synthesis of practical solutions to complex technical problems within a structured working environment, as if they were professional engineering practitioners; or
• A project description that will require an explorative approach, where students will pursue outcomes associated with new knowledge or understanding, within the engineering science disciplines, often as an adjunct to existing academic research initiatives.

It is expected that the Capstone Project will incorporate findings associated with both well-defined professional practice and research principles and will provide students with the opportunity to integrate technical knowledge and generic skills gained in earlier years.

The project component of this subject is supplemented by a lecture course dealing with project management tools and practices.

Note: Students are to take Engineering Capstone Project Part 1 and then subsequently continue with Engineering Capstone Project Part 2 in the following semester. Upon successful completion of this project, students will receive 25 points credit.

Please refer to ENGR90037 Engineering Capstone Project Part 1 for this information.

AIMS

This subject provides an insight into the basic elements of electrical power transmission and distribution systems such as generators, transmission and distribution lines, and loads. It offers analytical tools for analysis of basic operations of these systems. Problems related to power flow and use of Newton-Raphson will be discussed. Fault calculation and analysis, symmetrical components, and analytical methods for solving symmetrical (balanced) faults will be covered. Principles, concepts and problems related to economic dispatch as well as frequency regulation in power systems will also be discussed and analysed. Finally, power system transient and voltage stability will be introduced.

INDICATIVE CONTENT

• Comprehensive analysis of single and three-phase AC power circuits, which includes calculations of real, reactive and complex powers, and power factor correction;
• Calculation of active and reactive power transfer between buses, maximum power transfer, static stability limit, power circle construction and analysis;
• Synchronous generator models;
• Power flow calculations, Newton-Raphson method;
• Fault calculations, balanced and unbalanced, symmetrical components;
• Economic dispatch;
• Frequency and voltage regulation;
• Voltage stability, transient stability;
• Computer simulation, PowerWorld.

AIMS

The aim of this subject is to understand the fundamental concepts and basic theory involved in modelling and analysis of the power electronic components that comprise power electronic devices such as power supplies, inverters, converters and their control systems. It is expected that at the end of this subject the student has a sound understanding of the physical concepts and mathematical models behind each of the basic components and of their functionality within a system, such as a high voltage DC transmission system. Furthermore this subject seeks to combine the fields of electronics, semiconductor devices, power system operation, power system measurement and control. It is expected that through this subject the students are exposed to examples of real electrical engineering systems where the three disciplines of electronics, power systems and control come together.

INDICATIVE CONTENT

Topics covered in this subject include: introduction to power semiconductor switches; discussion on the role of power electronics in the operation of electric power systems; models of power semiconductor devices and circuit components, including diodes, Thyristors, IGBT, Snubber circuits. Also basic concepts of single- and three-phase diode bridge rectifiers; single- and three-phase converters and inverters; operation and design of DC-AC inverters with emphases on switch-mode inverters, i.e. single- and three-phase inverters. Finally, the acquired knowledge of power electronic devices is applied to wind and PV solar systems where the design of voltage source converters and associated control loops are used to interface the wind/solar system with the power grid.

AIMS

This subject develops a foundation for pursuing electrical engineering oriented research in the area of sustainable energy systems. This subject aims to introduce the concepts behind smart grids, future low-carbon networks, sustainable electricity systems as well as the main renewable and low-carbon generation technologies. The subject will introduce students to tools and techniques so that distributed energy resources (e.g. distributed renewable generation, storage, electric vehicles, demand response, etc.) may be integrated effectively into the power system in the context of both traditional grids and future smart grids.

INDICATIVE CONTENT

This subject will cover the following topics:

• Distributed low-carbon technologies
• Introduction to distribution networks
• Introduction to distributed low-carbon technologies (wind energy, photovoltaic systems, electric vehicles, storage)
• Wind Energy: impacts and challenges
• Photovoltaic systems: impacts and challenges
• Electric vehicles: impacts and challenges
• Storage: impacts and challenges

Smart Distribution and Transmission Networks

• Distributed low-carbon technologies and active network management
• Towards Smart Grids
• Smart grids - Transmission and Distribution perspectives
• The role of future Distribution System Operators

Low-carbon Electricity System

• Towards low-carbon networks (fundamentals of economic operation of power plants; CO2 emissions and renewables; fundamental economics of low-carbon grids; sustainability and smart grids)
• Introduction to low-carbon thermal generation (nuclear, Carbon Capture and Storage, Concentrated Solar Power, biomass, etc.)
• Renewable Energy: system level integration challenges (variability and uncertainty; capacity credit and techno-economic impact on conventional generation; inertial and frequency response, operational reserves, and flexibility)
• Demand response and storage: operational and planning system support
• Smart Grid solutions to low-carbon electricity system challenges: flexibility; frequency control ancillary services from renewables and distributed energy resources; new technical and commercial system architectures; integration of energy systems

This subject introduces the student to foundational aspects of economic, secure and resilient operation of low-carbon power systems and electricity markets with large shares of variable and uncertain renewable energy sources and distributed energy resources. The underlying framework is the so-called “affordability-sustainability-security” energy trilemma, which seeks to strike a delicate balance among: the desire to operate power systems at low cost (“affordability”); the desire to meet specific environmental targets (“sustainability”); and the need to “keep the lights on” (“security”), including after extreme events (“resilience”). In order for the energy trilemma to be analysed in the context of a competitive market environment, the subject will provide the student with fundamentals of economics, operation of electricity markets, optimal bidding strategies of different market stakeholders, economics of transmission and distribution networks, and role of new technologies and commercial entities such as storage, demand response, aggregators, virtual power plants, and so on. Different aspects of power system security will be analysed, from system-level requirements and constraints to provision of security services from market stakeholders. Furthermore, it will be shown what technical measures could be put in place, and their economic consequences, to guarantee that the system stays resilient in the presence of extreme events, for example driven by climate change. Fundamentals of optimization, including nonlinear constrained optimization and quadratic and linear programming, will also be taught to provide the student with the tools required to understand and model current and future power system and energy market operation.

AIMS

The aim of this subject is to develop a thorough understanding of the main concepts, techniques and performance criteria used in the analysis and design of digital communication systems and wireless networks.
Such systems and networks lie at the heart of the information and communication technologies (ICT) that underpin modern society and are very much part of the Internet of Things which involves machine to machine communication.

INDICATIVE CONTENT

This subject provides an in-depth treatment of the main concepts and techniques used in the analysis and design of digital communication systems and wireless networks.

Topics include:

• Source coding; entropy, Shannon source coding bound, data compression techniques;
• Channel modelling, modulation over time-varying fading channels, time and frequency diversity, energy and spectral efficiency, multiple carrier modulation including orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation, phase noise characteristics and its impact on single-carrier and multicarrier systems, spatial multiplexing for multiple access protocols, multiple antenna technologies (MIMO systems), cellular networks;
• Channel coding for error control: mutual information, channel capacity, Shannon channel coding bound, channel coding concepts, block codes; convolutional / trellis codes; introduction to LDPC codes, turbo codes, polar codes.

Examples include short, medium and long range communication systems such as bluetooth, cellular and satellite communication systems.

AIMS

This subject provides an introduction to the basic principles, analysis, and design of communication networks. It will cover analytical tools, the layered network architecture, and network protocols.

Analytical tools from queueing, optimisation, control, and graph theories will be used to develop an in-depth understanding of basic principles and the role they play in network design. Queueing theory will be emphasised as the primary methodological framework for analysing network delay which is one of the most important performance measures in data networks.

The concepts taught in this subject will allow a better understanding of the Internet as well as emerging communication paradigms such as Machine-to-Machine communication, Internet of Things, smart grid, and social networks.

INDICATIVE CONTENT

Topics covered may include:

• The layered network architecture with a focus on physical-layer multiple access (TDM, FDM, WDM), link layer protocols and medium access control (MAC), network layer topologies, least-cost routing algorithms and protocols, transport layer protocols and the principles and techniques of practical reliable transport;
• LAN protocols, Ethernet, Wi-Fi, and serial communications;
• The Internet's network layer including the Internet Protocol (IP) and routing protocols including an introduction to BGP and the operation of forwarding tables in routers and shortest prefix routing;
• The Internet's transport layer protocols UDP and TCP, including the flow and congestion control algorithms;
• Network security, application layer, cloud and fog computing, Machine-to-Machine communication, and Internet of Things;
• Queuing theory: basics, birth-death processes, M/M/x and Markovian queues, networks of queues;
• Basics of graph theory and social network analysis relevant to communication networks.

Students work collaboratively in small groups to implement and optimize components in a modern communication system or network with the goal of supporting a targeted application. To meet this goal students will need to: determine system requirements based on the target application and additional constraints; propose and evaluate multiple solutions through theoretical analysis and detailed simulations; implement, integrate, verify, and iterate on their selected solutions. Lectures will cast content from prerequisite subjects into the context at hand and cover additional topics relevant to the task. Each student group is expected to demonstrate initiative and independence while pursuing the goal of designing and optimizing their communication system or network, with a key focus being that students learn through hands-on experience.

Students will receive early exposure to advanced topics critical to modern communication systems, such as: source and channel coding, multicarrier modulation, multiantenna transmission, and network architectures and protocols. Successful completion of the project will require the student to draw upon knowledge, understanding, and skills learned in prerequisite subjects, which may include:

• Communication Systems – analog-to-digital conversion, signal-to-noise ratio, modulation and demodulation, bandwidth/power trade-off, error probability calculations, distortion, inter-symbol interference, pulse shaping, equalization, sequence detection, and synchronization.
• Signal Processing - design and implementation of digital filters (low-, high-, band-, all- pass filters); ARMA systems; up-sampling and down-sampling.
• Embedded System Design – system-level programming, operating systems concepts, real-time issues, and standard software tools.

Additional topics required for the assigned project may also be covered, such as: ideation, prototyping, and design practices; analog RF components; software packages for modelling and implementation; and the use of test & measurement equipment.

AIMS

Lightwave systems are fundamentally changing the way we communicate through broadband communications, helping clinicians to perform a range of medical procedures and diagnosis supported by advanced biomedical instrumentation, and even in the way we live in our homes through sophisticated interactive televisions and security systems.

This subject will explore the physical principles and issues that arise in the design of lightwave systems often found in those key industry sectors. Students will study topics from: transmission of light over wave guides; production of light by lasers; light modulation; conversion of light signals to electrical signals; optical multiplexing and demultiplexing; light amplification; dispersion and dispersion compensation; optical nonlinearities; modulation and advanced detection schemes. This material will be complemented by exposure to lightwave systems and measurement techniques in the laboratory.

INDICATIVE CONTENT

This subject will explore the physical principles governing the generation, modulation, amplification, guiding, transmission, multiplexing, demultiplexing and detection of light and issues that arise in the design of lightwave systems such as transmission impairments, noise. Students learn selected examples of lightwave systems and methods for design, modelling and testing of simple lightwave systems.

AIMS

This subject provides an in-depth introduction to statistical signal processing.

INDICATIVE CONTENT

Students will study a selection of the following topics:

• Applications of statistical signal processing;
• A review of stochastic signals and systems fundamentals – random processes, white noise, stationarity, auto- and cross-correlation functions, spectral- and cross-spectral densities, properties of linear time-invariant systems excited by white noise;
• Parameter estimation - least squares and its properties, recursive least squares and least mean squares, optimisation-based methods, maximum likelihood methods;
• Kalman, Wiener and Markov filtering;
• Power spectrum estimation.

This material will be complemented with the use of software tools (e.g. MATLAB) for computation and a DSP (Digital Signal Processor) based development platform for the implementation of signal processing algorithms in the laboratory.

AIMS

This subject provides an introduction to modern control theory with a particular focus on state-space methods and optimal control. The role of feedback in control will be reinforced within this context, alongside the role of optimisation techniques in control system synthesis. This subject is a core requirement in the Master of Engineering (Mechatronics).

INDICATIVE CONTENT

Topics include:
State-space models - first-order vector differential/difference equations; Lyapunov stability; linearisation; discretisation; Kalman decomposition (observable, detectable, reachable and stabilisable subspaces); state-feedback and pole placement; output-feedback and observer design in both continuous-time and discrete-time.
Optimal control - dynamic programming; linear quadratic regulation in both continuous-time and discrete-time. Model predictive control in discrete-time; moving-horizon with constraints.

AIMS

This subject provides a rigorous introduction numerical nonlinear optimization, as used across all of science and particularly in engineering design. There is an emphasis on both the theory and application of optimization techniques, with a focus on solving unconstrained and constrained nonlinear programmes. This subject is intended for research higher-degree students in engineering.

INDICATIVE CONTENT

Topics may include:

• Algorithms for unconstrained optimization
• Algorithms for constrained optimization
• Convex sets and functions
• Convex optimization problems
• Duality theory
• Computational complexity
• Approximation algorithms and penalty methods.

This subject introduces the basic principles, analysis methods, and applications of optimisation and machine learning to engineering systems; encompassing fundamental concepts and practical algorithms. It covers the fundamentals of continuous optimisation followed by machine learning basics for engineering applications.

The concepts and methods discussed are illustrated in multiple application areas including Internet of Things (IoT), smart grid and power systems, cyber-security, and communication networks.The concepts taught in this subject will allow a better understanding of continuous optimisation and machine learning for systems engineering.

INDICATIVE CONTENT

Topics covered may include:

• Fundamentals of continuous optimisation: convex sets and functions; local vs global solutions, constrained optimisation and Lagrange multipliers; linear, quadratic, and nonlinear programming
• Basics of machine learning encompassing supervised and unsupervised learning: binary classification, linear and nonlinear regression, kernel methods, and clustering.
• Specific machine learning methods such as Support Vector Machines (SVMs), Neural Networks (NNs), k-means clustering, and reinforcement learning.
• Applications to Internet of Things (IoT), smart grid and power systems, cyber-security, and communication networks.

AIMS:
Students work collaboratively in small groups to engineer an autonomous system that performs a specified task. This includes carrying out steps such as: task analysis; proposing multiple solutions; feasibility analysis through prototyping and computer-aided design; detailed design, construction, and testing of the chosen solution; and demonstrating the solution in a proving ground. The lectures will cast content from the pre-requisite subjects into the context of the task at hand, as well as covering additional topics relevant to the task. Each student group is expected to demonstrate initiative and independence while pursuing the goal of designing and building their autonomous system, with a focus of the subject being that students learn through hands-on experience, implementation, and verification.

INDICATIVE CONTENT:
Successful completion of the project requires the student to draw upon knowledge, understanding, and skills learned in the prerequisite subjects, namely:

• Embedded System Design - including topics such as: finite, extended, and hierarchical state machines; modelling cyber-physical systems; scheduling, multi-tasking, and real-time issues; interfacing to the analogue world.
• Control Systems - including topics such as: modelling; linearisation; feedback interconnections; proportional, integral, derivative (PID) control; actuator constraint considerations.
• Signal Processing - including topics such as: design and implementation of digital filters (low-, high-, band-, all- pass filters); ARMA systems; up-sampling and down-sampling.

Additional topics, specific to the task as hand, will be covered, such as: ideation, prototyping, and design practices; image processing and computer vision tools; software introductions; safety and failure analysis.

A range of materials, components, and fabrication facilities are provided, from which the students are expected to utilise a subset for designing and building their autonomous system, such as: electric motors, range sensors, camera, voltage converters, compute power, sheet wood, soldering stations, laser wood cutting, 3D printing. The task to be performed is motivated by a real-world application of autonomous systems, such as: operating in hazardous environments or performing repetitive tasks.

AIMS

Lightwave systems are fundamentally changing the way we communicate through broadband communications, helping clinicians to perform a range of medical procedures and diagnosis supported by advanced biomedical instrumentation, and even in the way we live in our homes through sophisticated interactive televisions and security systems.

This subject will explore the physical principles and issues that arise in the design of lightwave systems often found in those key industry sectors. Students will study topics from: transmission of light over wave guides; production of light by lasers; light modulation; conversion of light signals to electrical signals; optical multiplexing and demultiplexing; light amplification; dispersion and dispersion compensation; optical nonlinearities; modulation and advanced detection schemes. This material will be complemented by exposure to lightwave systems and measurement techniques in the laboratory.

INDICATIVE CONTENT

This subject will explore the physical principles governing the generation, modulation, amplification, guiding, transmission, multiplexing, demultiplexing and detection of light and issues that arise in the design of lightwave systems such as transmission impairments, noise. Students learn selected examples of lightwave systems and methods for design, modelling and testing of simple lightwave systems.

AIMS

The aim of the subject is to provide theoretical and practical treatment of high-speed electronics. Through the subject, students will grasp the fundamental properties and models of high-speed signals and interconnects, acquire high-speed digital design skills with a focus on the modelling, analysis, design and application of high speed transistors, logic gates and modern logic families, and master the high-speed analogue design capability including the design of oscillators and filters for RF applications. The students will be exposed to the state-of-the-art technologies that are shaping the fast evolving semiconductor industry.

INDICATIVE CONTENT

The topics include:

• Fundamental properties of analogue systems;
• Smith charts: principles and applications;
• High-speed analogue circuits: voltage control oscillators, matching networks, and low noise amplifiers;
• Bipolar junction transistors: device, switching, and logic;
• CMOS: device, switching and logic;
• High-speed signalling consideration: power dissipation, heat, signal propagation, and termination.

AIMS

This subject will explore the design of various electrical and electronic systems and provide students with a range of common and practical design techniques and circuits in the context of a guided laboratory based project.

INDICATIVE CONTENT

Subject may cover specific concepts surrounding the design and implementation of:

• Design process;
• Design for manufacture and assembly;
• Advanced PCB design;
• Oscillators;
• Phase-locked loops and frequency synthesis;
• Base-band signalling schemes and clock recovery;
• Mixers and logarithmic amplification;
• Automatic gain control;
• Filters;
• Synchronous detection;
• High-speed analog-digital conversion;
• High-frequency amplification;
• Low noise amplifiers;
• Power supply design;
• Batteries, battery charging systems, and management;
• Test and measurement;
• Sensors.

This subject serves as an introduction to semiconductor devices. It describes the fundamentals, theory, material and physical properties of semiconductor devices. The following topics will be covered.

Fundamentals: Crystal properties and of the growth of bulk crystals and of epitaxial layers. Physical concepts related to atoms and electrons. These concepts may include the photoelectric effect, the Bohr model, quantum mechanics, and the periodic table.

Energy bands and charge carriers in semiconductors: Bonding forces and energy bands in solids, charge carriers in semiconductors, carrier concentrations, the drift of carriers in electric and magnetic fields, and the Fermi level.

Excess carriers in semiconductors: Optical absorption, luminescence, carrier lifetime and photoconductivity, and the diffusion of carriers.

Junctions: fabrication of pn junctions, equilibrium conditions, forward and reverse biased junctions in steady state, reverse bias breakdown, transient and AC conditions, metal-semiconductor junctions and heterojunctions. In the next part of the subject

PN junction diodes: junction diode, tunnel diodes, photodiodes, and light-emitting diodes and lasers.

Bipolar junction transistors (BJTs): amplification and switching, fundamentals of BJT operation, BJT fabrication, minority carrier distributions and terminal currents, generalised biasing, switching, the frequency limitations of transistors, and heterojunction bipolar transistors.

Field effect transistors (FETs): Topics may include junction FETs, the metal semiconductor FET and the metal-insulator-semiconductor FET.

Additional topics (if time permits): integrated circuits, lasers, pnpn switching devices, and microwave devices.

This subject provides an insight into the complexities and challenges of making business decisions in an Australian setting. Working in small teams, students will conduct research, analyse, evaluate and propose practical solutions to an assigned business planning or business development exercise. This will be supported by online modules and seminar work equipping the students with knowledge of approaches, tools and techniques for completing the task and an understanding of report formats appropriate for conveying the results. During the practicum, in-depth research will be undertaken in identifying the scope, opportunities constraints and recommendations of the exercise. Students will learn to: work with unstructured and incomplete information in Australian business settings, to develop research and networks to support their enquiry, to work successfully in teams, to present their findings and seek and receive constructive feedback in a range of settings. Students will also be encouraged to plan, reflect and modify their approaches to improve the outcomes of their efforts in managing the business project.

Note: this subject is available as an intensive subject during the Summer and Winter semesters, and as a semester-long subject during Semesters 1 and 2. For the semester-long subject students will be required to attend a weekly visit to the host organisation. The visit will occur on either a Wednesday or a Friday for a period sometime between the hours of 9.00 am and 1.00 pm. Students must be available for both time periods, even though you will only attend the company during one of the time periods. This is to enable allocation to a suitable project.

This subject provides an insight into the complexities and challenges of making business decisions in an international setting. Students will be assigned in small groups to research a business problem in an international context. Working in teams, they will conduct research, analyse, evaluate and propose practical solutions to an assigned business planning or business development exercise. This will be supported by online modules and seminar work equipping the students with knowledge of approaches, tools and techniques for completing the task and an understanding of report formats appropriate for conveying the results. During the practicum, in-depth research will be undertaken in identifying the scope, opportunities, constraints and recommendations of the exercise. Students will learn to work with unstructured and incomplete information in international business settings, to develop research and networks to support their enquiry, to work successfully in teams, to present their findings and seek and receive constructive feedback in a range of settings. Students will also be encouraged to plan, reflect and modify their approaches to improve the outcomes of their efforts in managing the business project.

AIMS

The subject aims to provide an understanding of the principles on which the Web, Email, DNS and other interesting distributed systems are based. Questions concerning distributed architecture, concepts and design; and how these meet the demands of contemporary distributed applications will be addressed.

INDICATIVE CONTENT

Topics covered include: characterization of distributed systems, system models, interprocess communication, remote invocation, indirect communication, operating system support, distributed objects and components, web services, security, distributed file systems, and name services.

AIMS

This subject involves students undertaking professional work experience at a Host Organisation’s premises. Students will work under the supervision of both a member of academic staff and an external supervisor at the Host Organisation.

During the period of work experience, students will be introduced to workplace culture and be offered the opportunity to strengthen their employability. Students will undertake seminars covering topics that will include professional standards of behaviour and ethical conduct, working in teams, time management and workplace networking.

This subject, which is offered to students who have completed ENGR90034 Creating Innovative Engineering (CIE), will give participants core leadership skills for managing professionals engaged in innovation and other ambiguous project-based work.

The subject teaches leadership at three levels (12 hours each). The first level, taught intensively before the start of the semester, will enable you to learn basic management theory that allows you to bridge from the skills and theory taught in CIE to the level needed to start mentoring a team in CIE or another subject. The second level, taught as four three-hour workshops during the semester, will focus on key thematic issues in the leadership of innovative teams. The third level, taught in twelve one-hour sessions, will focus on specific leadership skills. These include facilitation, coaching, mentoring, conflict resolution, etc. Students will apply the theory and skills to the mentoring of a student project team in CIE or another subject within the University.

You will apply what you are learning, and develop skills, by mentoring an industry-sponsored project within CIE or a project within another subject. CIE mentors will also need to manage their relationship with the external sponsor of the project.

The use of mathematical optimisation is widespread in business, where it is a key analytical tool for managing and planning business operations. It is also required in many industrial processes and is useful to government and community organizations. This subject will expose students to operations research techniques as used in industry. A heavy emphasis will be placed on the modelling process that turns an industrial problem into a mathematical formulation. The focus will then be on how to solve the resulting mathematical problem with mixed-integer programming techniques.

AIMS

This subject is intended to give students an overview of the present state-of-the-art in industrial motion control and the likely future trends in control design. Students will be exposed to and have practical experience in the design and implementation of advanced controllers for various motion control problems.

Advanced modelling and control topics will include system identification, modelling and compensation of friction and other disturbances, industrial servo loops, model-based and model-free controller design, and adaptive control. Applications will be drawn from industrial, medical and transport automation (eg robots, machine tools, production machines, laboratory automation, automotive and aerospace by-wire systems).

INDICATIVE CONTENT

Advanced modelling and control topics will include system identification, modelling and compensation of friction and other disturbances, industrial servo loops, model-based and model-free controller design, and adaptive control. Applications will be drawn from industrial, medical and transport automation (eg robots, machine tools, production machines, laboratory automation, automotive and aerospace by-wire systems).

This subject equips students to solve challenges associated with electronic, magnetic and optical aspects of materials. Students will receive an introduction to quantum mechanics, wave physics, wave functions, Planck’s constant and waves in periodic potentials. Schrodinger’s wave equation is discussed. Fundamental concepts such as band gap, band diagrams, carrier concentration, Fermi level, density of states, are covered. The mechanisms for electrical conductivity in metals, ceramics and polymers are explained. Students learn about intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, electrons, holes, p-type n-type, dopants, p-n junctions, rectifiers, transistors and integrated circuits. Applications of electronic materials as in computers, LEDs, solar energy harvesting are highlighted. Dielectric and magnetic behaviour of materials including diamagnetic, paramagnetic and ferromagnetic behaviour is described including B-H loops, remnant magnetisation and coercive force. Topics also include optical properties of materials and eelectroactive materials, meta materials and 2D materials.